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A systematic approach to ON-OFF event detection and clustering analysis of non-intrusive appliance loadmonitoring

Chuan Choong YANG,Chit Siang SOH,Vooi Voon YAP

《能源前沿(英文)》 2015年 第9卷 第2期   页码 231-237 doi: 10.1007/s11708-015-0358-6

摘要: The aim of non-intrusive appliance load monitoring (NIALM) is to disaggregate the energy consumption of individual electrical appliances from total power consumption utilizing non-intrusive methods. In this paper, a systematic approach to ON-OFF event detection and clustering analysis for NIALM were presented. From the aggregate power consumption data set, the data are passed through median filtering to reduce noise and prepared for the event detection algorithm. The event detection algorithm is to determine the switching of ON and OFF status of electrical appliances. The goodness-of-fit (GOF) methodology is the event detection algorithm implemented. After event detection, the events detected were paired into ON-OFF pairing appliances. The results from the ON-OFF pairing algorithm were further clustered in groups utilizing the -means clustering analysis. The -means clustering were implemented as an unsupervised learning methodology for the clustering analysis. The novelty of this paper is the determination of the time duration an electrical appliance is turned ON through combination of event detection, ON-OFF pairing and -means clustering. The results of the algorithm implementation were discussed and ideas on future work were also proposed.

关键词: non-intrusive appliance load monitoring     event detection     goodness-of-fit (GOF)     K-means clustering     ON-OFF pairing    

uncertain composite plates and stochastic irregularity in their buckling mode shapes: A semi-analytical non-intrusive

《结构与土木工程前沿(英文)》   页码 179-190 doi: 10.1007/s11709-022-0888-z

摘要: In this study, the mechanical properties of the composite plate were considered Gaussian random fields and their effects on the buckling load and corresponding mode shapes were studied by developing a semi-analytical non-intrusive approach. The random fields were decomposed by the Karhunen−Loève method. The strains were defined based on the assumptions of the first-order and higher-order shear-deformation theories. Stochastic equations of motion were extracted using Euler–Lagrange equations. The probabilistic response space was obtained by employing the non-intrusive polynomial chaos method. Finally, the effect of spatially varying stochastic properties on the critical load of the plate and the irregularity of buckling mode shapes and their sequences were studied for the first time. Our findings showed that different shear deformation plate theories could significantly influence the reliability of thicker plates under compressive loading. It is suggested that a linear relationship exists between the mechanical properties’ variation coefficient and critical loads’ variation coefficient. Also, in modeling the plate properties as random fields, a significant stochastic irregularity is obtained in buckling mode shapes, which is crucial in practical applications.

关键词: uncertain composite plate     stochastic assume mode method     Karhunen−Loève theorem     polynomial chaos approach     plate buckling     irregularity in buckling mode shapes    

State identification of home appliance with transient features in residential buildings

《能源前沿(英文)》 2022年 第16卷 第1期   页码 130-143 doi: 10.1007/s11708-022-0822-z

摘要: Nonintrusive load monitoring (NILM) is crucial for extracting patterns of electricity consumption of household appliance that can guide users’ behavior in using electricity while their privacy is respected. This study proposes an online method based on the transient behavior of individual appliances as well as system steady-state characteristics to estimate the operating states of the appliances. It determines the number of states for each appliance using the density-based spatial clustering of applications with noise (DBSCAN) method and models the transition relationship among different states. The states of the working appliances are identified from aggregated power signals using the Kalman filtering method in the factorial hidden Markov model (FHMM). Thereafter, the identified states are confirmed by the verification of system states, which are the combination of the working states of individual appliances. The verification step involves comparing the total measured power consumption with the total estimated power consumption. The use of transient features can achieve fast state inference and it is suitable for online load disaggregation. The proposed method was tested on a high-resolution data set such as Labeled hIgh-Frequency daTaset for Electricity Disaggregation (LIFTED) and it outperformed other related methods in the literature.

关键词: nonintrusive load monitoring (NILM)     load disaggregation     online load disaggregation     Kalman filtering     factorial hidden Markov model (FHMM)     Labeled hIgh-Frequency daTaset for Electricity Disaggregation (LIFTED)    

Non-invasive continuous blood pressure monitoring: a review of current applications

null

《医学前沿(英文)》 2013年 第7卷 第1期   页码 91-101 doi: 10.1007/s11684-013-0239-5

摘要:

Blood pressure monitoring has come a long way from the initial observations made by Reverend Hales in the 18th century. There are none that deny the importance of monitoring perioperative blood pressure; however, the limited ability of the current prevalent technology (oscillometric blood pressure monitoring) to offer continuous blood pressure measurements leaves room for improvement. Invasive monitoring is able to detect beat-to-beat blood pressure measurement, but the risks inherent to the procedure make it unsuitable for routine use except when this risk is outweighed by the benefits. This review focuses on the discoveries which have led up to the current blood pressure monitoring technologies, and especially the creation of those offering non-invasive but continuous blood pressure monitoring capabilities, including their methods of measurement and limitations.

关键词: non-invasive blood pressure monitoring     continuous blood pressure monitoring     invasive blood pressure monitoring     Riva-Rocci technique     oscillometric     Pe?áz technique     arterial tonometry     pulse transit time    

埋入式传感、图像处理技术和机器学习方法在路面监测与分析中应用的最新研究进展 Review

侯越, 李秋晗, 张晨, 陆国阳, 叶周景, 陈逸涵, 汪林兵, 曹丹丹

《工程(英文)》 2021年 第7卷 第6期   页码 845-856 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2020.07.030

摘要:

在现代交通系统中,道路作为车辆和行人使用频率最高的民用基础设施之一,其服役状况和使用寿命直接影响通行体验和效率。因此,在路面发生不可逆损伤之前进行路面健康监测和及时养护,对于保障公共交通服务质量以及通行安全至关重要。通过路面结构动力响应监测和路面状况评估可有效表征路面损伤状况。埋入式传感器、图像处理和机器学习是目前常用的三种路面结构动力响应监测技术和分析方法。本文综述了近年来上述三种技术在路面工程中的应用现状,并阐述了这些技术在未来路面工程监测与分析中的发展方向。

关键词: 路面监测与分析     最新的研究进展     埋入式传感器     图像处理技术     机器学习方法    

REDUCTION OF NON-POINT SOURCE POLLUTION IN THE YONG’AN RIVER BY CONSTRUCTED WETLAND BASED ON 9 YEARSOF MONITORING

《农业科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2023年 第10卷 第4期   页码 627-638 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2023516

摘要:

The agricultural and livestock activities surrounding the rivers flowing into the lakes have caused non-point source pollution, leading to excessive amounts of nutrient salts in downstream rivers. Introducing river water into constructed wetlands along river course has proven to be an effective solution for decreasing nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) loads. This paper reports 9 years of monitoring the Yong’an River and its surrounding constructed wetlands in the upper reaches of Erhai Lake, located in Yunnan Province, China. This study analyzed the main types of pollutants in the river, and evaluated the removal efficiency of pollutants by the constructed wetlands. The findings indicate that total nitrogen (TN) and nitrate nitrogen (NO3-N) are the primary pollutants in the Yong’an River, which exhibit variation throughout the year corresponding to the alternating wet and dry seasons. Although constructed wetlands are effective in removing NO3-N and P, their efficacy in removing ammonium nitrogen (NH4+-N) and organic pollutants is limited. This limitation can be attributed to the lack of timely disposal of aquatic plant residues. This research contributes to the understanding of the potential issues that may arise during the extended use of constructed wetlands and provides solutions to address them.

关键词: inflowing rivers     surface-flow constructed wetland     nutrients     long-term monitoring    

Distributed fiber optic monitoring of a CFA pile with a central reinforcement bar bundle

Yi RUI, Nicholas de BATTISTA, Cedric KECHAVARZI, Xiaomin XU, Mei YIN

《结构与土木工程前沿(英文)》 2021年 第15卷 第1期   页码 167-176 doi: 10.1007/s11709-020-0581-z

摘要: In this paper, we present an application of distributed fiber optic sensor (DFOS) technology to measure the strain of a continuous flight auger (CFA) test pile with a central reinforcement bar bundle, during a static load test carried out in London. Being distributed in nature, DFOS gives much more information about the pile performance as compared to traditional point sensors, such as identifying cross-sectional irregularities or other anomalies. The strain profiles recorded along the depth of the piles from the DFOS were used to calculate pile deformation (contraction), shaft friction, and tip resistance under various loads. Based on this pile load test, a finite element (FE) analysis was performed using a one-dimensional nonlinear load-transfer model. Calibrated by the shaft friction and tip resistance derived from the monitored data, the FE model was able to simulate the pile and soil performance during the load testing with good accuracy. The effect of the reinforcement cage and central reinforcement bar bundle were investigated, and it was found that the addition of a reinforcement cage would reduce the pile settlement by up to 20%.

关键词: continuous flight auger pile     static load test     central reinforcement bar bundle     distributed fiber optic sensor     finite element     load transfer    

Performance monitoring of non-gaussian chemical processes with modes-switching using globality-locality

Xin Peng, Yang Tang, Wenli Du, Feng Qian

《化学科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2017年 第11卷 第3期   页码 429-439 doi: 10.1007/s11705-017-1675-6

摘要: In this paper, we propose a novel performance monitoring and fault detection method, which is based on modified structure analysis and globality and locality preserving (MSAGL) projection, for non-Gaussian processes with multiple operation conditions. By using locality preserving projection to analyze the embedding geometrical manifold and extracting the non-Gaussian features by independent component analysis, MSAGL preserves both the global and local structures of the data simultaneously. Furthermore, the tradeoff parameter of MSAGL is tuned adaptively in order to find the projection direction optimal for revealing the hidden structural information. The validity and effectiveness of this approach are illustrated by applying the proposed technique to the Tennessee Eastman process simulation under multiple operation conditions. The results demonstrate the advantages of the proposed method over conventional eigendecomposition-based monitoring methods.

关键词: non-Gaussian processes     subspace projection     independent component analysis     locality preserving projection     finite mixture model    

Analysis of planetary gear transmission in non-stationary operations

Fakher CHAARI, Mohamed Slim ABBES, Fernando Viadero RUEDA, Alfonso Fernandez del RINCON, Mohamed HADDAR

《机械工程前沿(英文)》 2013年 第8卷 第1期   页码 88-94 doi: 10.1007/s11465-013-0361-8

摘要:

Planetary gearboxes operate usually in non-stationary conditions generated mainly by variable loads applied to these transmissions. In order to understand the dynamic behavior of planetary gearboxes in such conditions, a mathematic model is developed including driving unit, transmission and load. The variability of load induces a variable speed of the transmission which is taken into account when characterizing the main dynamic parameter of the transmission which is the mesh stiffness function. This function is not periodic following the variability of the transmission speed. The computation of the dynamic response shows an intimate relation between the vibration amplitude level and the load value. As the load increase the vibration level increase. A combined amplitude and frequency modulation is observed which is well characterized using Short Time Fourier transform more suited than the spectral analysis.

关键词: planetary gearbox     non-stationary conditions     variable load     dynamic response     time frequency analysis    

一种对工业过程复杂液体进行非接触原态在线实时监测方法 Article

段宁, 降林华, 徐夫元, 张歌

《工程(英文)》 2018年 第4卷 第3期   页码 392-397 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2018.05.005

摘要:

无法对工业过程大量存在的复杂液体在线实时监测导致资源消耗和污染产生过多的现象十分普遍。本文介绍一种对高强包裹性和高盐多组分液体中目标物质进行非接触原态在线实时监测的方法,该方法的原理是建立液体中目标物质浓度(C)、不同浓度目标物质色空间坐标(L*, a*, b*)  和最大吸收波长(λmax)三者之间的关系,利用最佳波长λT下高精度扫描式检测系统表达的液体光强信息直接测定流动液体中目标物质的瞬时浓度。与传统分析方法和现有在线分析方法不同,这种方法无需对样品进行任何预处理(过滤、稀释、定容、氧化/还原、添加显色剂等),可实现测试样品的原态化在线实时监测。将一家大型电解锰企业陈化液(Fe3+浓度0.5~18 mg•L-1, 锰离子35~39 g•L-1,硫酸铵90~110 g•L-1)胶体化过程中三价铁离子浓度的实测结果与离线实验室测试结果相比,二者相对误差小于2%。

关键词: 复杂液体     原态监测     在线实时     非接触识别    

智能电网系统中智能负载的关键作用

施 毅,顾为东,施建中

《中国工程科学》 2015年 第17卷 第3期   页码 10-13

摘要:

本文根据中国国情,提出“智能负载”这一新的理念。通过物联网将智能负载和智能电网结合起来构成“非并网多能源协同智能电网系统”,该系统的核心是将中国大量的高耗能产业通过必要的技术创新,改造成能够适应风电等可再生能源和电网输出功率巨大波动的“智能负载”,为中国政府提供一条适合国情、大幅度提高电网和发电装备利用效率,并将风电等可再生能源高效、低成本全部利用的新路径。

关键词: 非并网;多能源协同;智能负载;智能电网系统    

ENHANCING RAINFALL-RUNOFF POLLUTION MODELING BY INCORPORATION OF NEGLECTED PHYSICAL PROCESSES

《农业科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2023年 第10卷 第4期   页码 553-565 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2023519

摘要:

The growing need to mitigate rainfall-runoff pollution, especially first flush, calls for accurate quantification of pollution load and the refined understanding of its spatial-temporal variation. The wash-off model has advantages in modeling rainfall-runoff pollution due to the inclusion of two key physical processes, build-up and wash-off. However, this disregards pollution load from wet precipitation and the relationship between rainfall and runoff, leading to uncertainties in model outputs. This study integrated the Soil Conservation Service curve number (SCS-CN) into the wash-off model and added pollutant load from wet precipitation to enhance the rainfall-runoff pollution modeling. The enhanced wash-off model was validated in a typical rural-residential area. The results showed that the model performed better than the established wash-off model and the commonly-used event mean concentrations method, and identified two different modes of pollution characteristics dominated by land pollution and rainfall pollution, respectively. In addition, the model simulated more accurate pollutant concentrations at high-temporal-resolution. From this, it was found that 12% of the total runoff contained 80% to 95% of the total load for chemical oxygen demand, total N, and total P, whereas it contained only 15% of the total load for NH4+-N. The enhanced model can provide deeper insights into non-point pollution mitigation.

关键词: Erhai Lake     field experiment     non-point source     pollution load     rainfall runoff     wash-off model    

大规模非并网风电系统理论与实践

方 敏,孔祥威,施建中,顾为东

《中国工程科学》 2015年 第17卷 第3期   页码 14-19

摘要:

本文针对我国风能等可再生能源,由于其波动性而不能大规模并入电网的难题,提出了非并网风电理论。将高耗能负载改造成为能够适应电能波动的智能负载,极大地提高了可再生能源的利用率。研究了非并网风电理论的本质和内涵,并讨论了非并网风电理论的应用情况,为我国节能减排,提高电网效率和可再生能源利用率提出了一条新路径。

关键词: 非并网;多能源协同;智能负载    

终南山公路隧道非机械式通风效果研究

郑晅,郭佳奇

《中国工程科学》 2010年 第12卷 第3期   页码 39-44

摘要:

秦岭终南山特长公路隧道规模庞大,通风系统复杂,为了合理确定通风配置,节约通风费用,评估自然风和交通活塞风等非机械式通风方式的通风效果就显得非常重要。课题组现场监测了终南山特长公路隧道内的自然风速、交通量及自然风压和交通风压共同作用下的风速,收集了大量数据。通过对监测数据的处理、分析得出,较大自然风速出现在10∶00—14∶00这个时间段,最大自然风速达到2.576 m/s;隧道东、西线交通量出现高峰期的时间段基本恒定;隧道东线内自然风压和交通风压共同作用下的风速较大的时间段基本上与交通量高峰期时间段相吻合,而西线这两个时间段吻合性较差,洞内风速变化相对平缓。考虑洞口外风向频率、风向、洞口实测温度等参数的自然风速计算方法计算值与实测自然风速较接近。隧道内自然风压和交通风压联合作用下的风速计算值虽小于现场实测值,但较接近实测值。

关键词: 隧道通风     现场监测     非机械式通风     自然风     交通活塞风    

Scrutiny of non-linear differential equations Euler-Bernoulli beam with large rotational deviation by

M. R. AKBARI,M. NIMAFAR,D. D. GANJI,M. M. AKBARZADE

《机械工程前沿(英文)》 2014年 第9卷 第4期   页码 402-408 doi: 10.1007/s11465-014-0316-8

摘要:

The kinematic assumptions upon which the Euler-Bernoulli beam theory is founded allow it to be extended to more advanced analysis. Simple superposition allows for three-dimensional transverse loading. Using alternative constitutive equations can allow for viscoelastic or plastic beam deformation. Euler-Bernoulli beam theory can also be extended to the analysis of curved beams, beam buckling, composite beams and geometrically nonlinear beam deflection. In this study, solving the nonlinear differential equation governing the calculation of the large rotation deviation of the beam (or column) has been discussed. Previously to calculate the rotational deviation of the beam, the assumption is made that the angular deviation of the beam is small. By considering the small slope in the linearization of the governing differential equation, the solving is easy. The result of this simplification in some cases will lead to an excessive error. In this paper nonlinear differential equations governing on this system are solved analytically by Akbari-Ganji’s method (AGM). Moreover, in AGM by solving a set of algebraic equations, complicated nonlinear equations can easily be solved and without any mathematical operations such as integration solving. The solution of the problem can be obtained very simply and easily. Furthermore, to enhance the accuracy of the results, the Taylor expansion is not needed in most cases via AGM manner. Also, comparisons are made between AGM and numerical method (Runge-Kutta 4th). The results reveal that this method is very effective and simple, and can be applied for other nonlinear problems.

关键词: AGM     critical load of columns     large deformations of beam     nonlinear differential equation    

标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

A systematic approach to ON-OFF event detection and clustering analysis of non-intrusive appliance loadmonitoring

Chuan Choong YANG,Chit Siang SOH,Vooi Voon YAP

期刊论文

uncertain composite plates and stochastic irregularity in their buckling mode shapes: A semi-analytical non-intrusive

期刊论文

State identification of home appliance with transient features in residential buildings

期刊论文

Non-invasive continuous blood pressure monitoring: a review of current applications

null

期刊论文

埋入式传感、图像处理技术和机器学习方法在路面监测与分析中应用的最新研究进展

侯越, 李秋晗, 张晨, 陆国阳, 叶周景, 陈逸涵, 汪林兵, 曹丹丹

期刊论文

REDUCTION OF NON-POINT SOURCE POLLUTION IN THE YONG’AN RIVER BY CONSTRUCTED WETLAND BASED ON 9 YEARSOF MONITORING

期刊论文

Distributed fiber optic monitoring of a CFA pile with a central reinforcement bar bundle

Yi RUI, Nicholas de BATTISTA, Cedric KECHAVARZI, Xiaomin XU, Mei YIN

期刊论文

Performance monitoring of non-gaussian chemical processes with modes-switching using globality-locality

Xin Peng, Yang Tang, Wenli Du, Feng Qian

期刊论文

Analysis of planetary gear transmission in non-stationary operations

Fakher CHAARI, Mohamed Slim ABBES, Fernando Viadero RUEDA, Alfonso Fernandez del RINCON, Mohamed HADDAR

期刊论文

一种对工业过程复杂液体进行非接触原态在线实时监测方法

段宁, 降林华, 徐夫元, 张歌

期刊论文

智能电网系统中智能负载的关键作用

施 毅,顾为东,施建中

期刊论文

ENHANCING RAINFALL-RUNOFF POLLUTION MODELING BY INCORPORATION OF NEGLECTED PHYSICAL PROCESSES

期刊论文

大规模非并网风电系统理论与实践

方 敏,孔祥威,施建中,顾为东

期刊论文

终南山公路隧道非机械式通风效果研究

郑晅,郭佳奇

期刊论文

Scrutiny of non-linear differential equations Euler-Bernoulli beam with large rotational deviation by

M. R. AKBARI,M. NIMAFAR,D. D. GANJI,M. M. AKBARZADE

期刊论文